Financial Disclaimer

Last updated: August 1, 2026

Nothing on this site is investment advice. It is industry analysis published for general information, written by an engineer rather than a licensed financial professional.

No advice, no recommendations

I am not a registered investment adviser, broker-dealer, or financial analyst in any jurisdiction, and nothing here should be read as a personal recommendation. This site does not publish price targets, ratings, or buy, sell, or hold recommendations.

Nothing here accounts for your financial situation, objectives, tax position, time horizon, or risk tolerance, because I know none of those things. Analysis that is reasonable in the abstract can be entirely wrong for you specifically.

Your decisions are yours

If you buy or sell a security after reading something here, that is your decision and your responsibility. Consult a qualified, licensed professional who knows your circumstances before acting. Investing carries risk, including permanent loss of capital, and past performance does not predict future results.

Accuracy and timeliness

I source carefully — see the editorial policy — but I make no warranty that anything here is accurate, complete, or current. Articles reflect what I understood at the time of writing. I have no obligation to update an article as facts change, and old articles are not maintained.

Analysis of this industry depends heavily on forward-looking assumptions: roadmaps, capacity plans, demand forecasts, technical feasibility. These are uncertain by nature. Statements about what may happen are opinion and estimate, not fact, and they are frequently wrong.

Positions and conflicts

I may hold positions in companies discussed on this site. Where I do, I disclose it in the article. I don't trade around my publication schedule, and I don't write about a company for the purpose of affecting its price.

I work in the industries I write about. I do not write about my employer or companies my employer deals with directly, and I use only publicly available sources. The full set of rules is in the editorial policy.

Advertising and external links

This site carries third-party advertising, which is how it is funded. Advertisers have no influence over editorial content. Advertisements are served by third parties and their presence is not an endorsement.

Links to external sites are provided for reference. I don't control that content and am not responsible for it.

No relationship created

Reading this site, subscribing to it, or contacting me does not create an advisory, fiduciary, or professional relationship of any kind.

Limitation of liability

To the fullest extent permitted by law, I accept no liability for any loss or damage arising from use of, or reliance on, anything published on this site.